Arguments against the existence of God Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Arguments against the existence of God - Essay Example Philosophers and thinkers who voted against the existence of God include David Hume, Bertrand Russell, and Nietzche. In much recent times, the debate on the existence of God has been discussed by scientists such as Stephen Hawking, William Lane Craig, and David Bentley Feser among others. Whether God exists or not presents a very interesting debate within the popular cultures, in the philosophy of religion and in philosophy itself. So, who is God? The Bible does not give God an exact definition nor any allusion to anything. But it does give Him characteristics like all powerful, all merciful, transcendent, the beginning, and the end, is not physically visible to us, and He exists forever. According to the Bible, God is the creator of heaven and earth and through His word; He created the universe and everything else on it. God has a son, Jesus Christ, who was begotten of the Virgin Mary and sent to save humanity from evil. God is capable of blessing and punishing and is called the Most High Father. In classical theism, God is defined by the same metaphysical attributes by being timeless, sovereign, the first and also simple. The approach is no different in Eastern religious thoughts, Christian, Hebrew traditions or even Islam. The empirical arguments extended against the existence of God largely rely on the knowledge that is acquired from observations that in turn proves their conclusions. One such argument emanates from the inconsistency in revelations on the existence of a deity called God from the scriptures. These scriptures include the Christian Bible, Muslim Quran, Hindu Vedas, Jewish Tanakh and the Book of Mormon. There exists an apparent contradiction between different scriptures, within a single scripture in different books, for example, the Gospels, or between the scriptures and some well-known facts. The problem of evil also fuels the argument that indeed, God does not exist. According

What do you learn about the First World War from your reading of :: English Literature

What do you learn about the First World War from your reading of Wilfred Owens poetry? From Wilfred Owens poems you can learn so many different things. He was one of a group of soldiers, he wrote about the war as he experienced it. So all of his poems are primary evidence because the poems were wrote by him when the war was going on. We can prove that Wilfred Owen was in the War by using a quote from a poem he wrote. The poem is titled 'Dulce et Decorum Est'. In the poem he gives his opinion on war. He says "Dulce et decorum est Pro Partria mori" This means it is good and beautiful to die for your country. He wrote it in Latin, the rest of the poem is english. By using Latin I think it creates a distinguished impact on the reader. It draws their attention to it. Honestly, Wilfred Owen does not believe it actually is good to die for your country. He is being critical. The opposition to this view of war would be a poet named Jessie Pope. Wilfred Owens and Jessie popes' poetry is very different, Jessie Popes' is usually more of a poem to recruit soldiers and get the point across that if you fight for your country war is good. Wilfred Owens poems are far more descriptive and appeal to the senses, giving us an insight on life in world war one. In the poem 'The Sentry' he appeals to the senses by describing the weather as "water falls of slime" and describing the smell "Stank old and sour." We can learn from this poem that physical conditions in the war were awful. There would be high danger of dying and injuring yourself because bullets were being shot everywhere and gas attacks were occuring frequently. "Gas! Gas! Quick, boys!"(From Dulce et Decorum Est) We learn how the gas attacks effect the soldiers in the poem 'Dulce et Decorum Est' there is a section in the poem where Wilfred describes a gas attack. "Dim, through the misty panes and thick green light, A under a green sea I saw him drowning." The misty panes were Wilfreds eyes; they were misted because of the gas in the air. He describes the colour of the gas as 'green' and the amount of it as a 'sea' so it spreads quite a distance and widths as seas are generally known for being large. Green is known as the colour of envy and maybe the gas is representing the opposisitions jealously towards the enemy that they are winning. In this poem Wilfred describes what the soldiers are like in their

The Relationship between pupil expenditure in high and low capacity school districts and community variables

Across the nation, the public, lawmakers and educators have become deeply concerned with finding ways to measure the effectiveness of schools and school systems. Politicians and educators have been struggling with developing useful yardsticks for school effectiveness that are honest, accurate and easily comprehended. The initial stages of this effort have often resulted in evaluations that assess, judge and even mete out consequences to schools who’ve been measured by a small set of benchmarks that often do not reflect the context of the individual school.Many states, including Rhode Island, have published annual state achievement results. People have used these results to rank order districts and schools on the basis of those results as if the schools were competing on a level playing field. While valid for certain purposes, these methods encourage the public to draw sometimes unfortunate conclusions about the value of a school or school system because the yardstick itself is not sensitive to differences in school contexts, to other information about school practices, or to achievement results which are not part of the formal state assessment program.In this study we will undertake the analysis from the financial perspective and study the relationship between pupil expenditure in high and low capacity school districts and community variables. A multiple regression model will be used in order to statistically evaluate the relationship (Information works, 01) 2- LITERATURE REVIEW A hypothesis (H) is an unproven statement or proposition about a factor or phenomenon that is of interest to the researcher. It may, for example, be a tentative statement about relationships between two or more variables as stipulated by the theoretical framework or the analytical model.Often, a hypothesis is a possible answer to the research question. Hypotheses go beyond research questions because they are statements of relationships or propositions rather than merely question to which answers are sought. Whereas research questions are interrogative, Hypotheses are declarative and can be tested empirically. An important role of a hypothesis is to suggest variables to be included in the research design (Malhotra, 77). A literature review will be undertaken in order to develop hypothesis which will be tested in the study.In our study we will use the same variables as Gaudet used in the study of performance of the MCAS tests. Using these variables we will test the relationship with the pupil expenditure in school districts. These include level of educational attainment of school districts, income level, percentage of households above the poverty line, its percentage of single-parent families, its percentage of non-English-speaking households, and its level of private school enrollment in school districts. 3- REASONS FOR CHOOSING THIS TOPICThe fundamental reason for choosing this topic is that having searched literature I found that very few works have been c onducted concerning the relationship between pupil expenditure in high and low capacity school districts and community variables. Since most of the studies have been focusing the students’ performances as the indicator of the success of the school systems. This fact has encouraged me to do this piece of work in order to contribute to the existing knowledge about this subject by adding a new point of view.Another reason is that most people who are involved in the evaluation of the school systems have poor background in finance, so it is so difficult for them to understand the pros and cons of the financial aspects of the school systems. In addition to that analysts and common people should understand the relationship between pupil expenditure in high and low capacity school districts and community variables. They should not only concentrate on educational tools but also address the community variables while designing the educational expenditure policies in order to improve the performance of the school system in the United States.

Differences Between Confucianism And Confucianism

All of these different systems and philosophies highly emphasize: the harmony between people, the benevolence that one must have, filial piety, loyalty, righteousness, and courtesy for a successful and healthy society. Even though they all have a different idea, their goal is the same. The morality and ethics of human behaviors were also part of the teachings that shaped the culture of today. Even though the goals of these philosophies were similar, like their beliefs about man and society; their ideas were a little bit different and each had their own focus. The difference in focus between Confucianism and Taoism is that Confucianism was focused on having a structured society. It held as a principle the brotherhood of humanity. The†¦show more content†¦The Tao is the unknown, powerful force to which the whole world and universe flows. It is the ultimate reality and that everything is one despite the differences in appearances. They believed that life is good, there was an e mphasis on the body, and the goal was to gain balance in life. They had a good view on women. They were generally equal to men and highly spoken of in the teachings. Taoism believes in the concept of the Yin and the Yang. This concept is that two halves, two opposites, make a whole. It is a balance, equilibrium of wholeness. The Yin is the dark side, while the Yang is the light side. We can see this balance every day in life. Like the day and the night, a man and a woman. There cannot be one without the other. Absence of light creates darkness; absence of heat makes it cold. When there are beautiful things, the ugly ones come out. And when there is good, there is also bad. One thing defines and complements the other. They coexist by opposing each other. Yet, nothing is completely Yang and nothing is completely Yin. One is the starting point of the other. They are interdependent to be complete. When one increases, the other one decreases. This is how they maintain the overall balance . Mohism, on the other hand, was rival to Confucianism and Daoism. He was too liberal to agree to all the social rules that Confucius had created. He did not agree either with the importance of tradition or rituals of Confucianism.